NO. 021Transition

Sc

Scandium

Scandium is a soft, silvery Transition often used in aluminum alloys to improve strength and corrosion resistance, especially in aerospace applications.

Crystal Structure

Hexagonal close-packed (hcp)

Technical Specifications

Atomic Mass44.96 u

Density2.99 g/cm³

Melting Point1814 K

Boiling Point3109 K

Atomic Radius162 pm

Electronegativity1.36

Ionization Energy633 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity18 kJ/mol

Bonding TypeMetallic

Oxidation States3

Acid/BaseBasic

ReactivityMedium

Electron Configuration

[Ar] 3d1 4s2

Discovered ByLars Fredrik Nilson

Year1879

Known Isotopes

Sc-45