NO. 032Metalloid

Ge

Germanium

Germanium is a brittle metalloid used in semiconductors, fiber optics, and infrared optics.

Crystal Structure

Diamond cubic

Atomic Mass72.63 u

Density5.32 g/cm³

Melting Point1211 K

Boiling Point3106 K

Atomic Radius125 pm

Electronegativity2.01

Ionization Energy762 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity119 kJ/mol

Bonding TypeCovalent

Oxidation States2, 4

Acid/BaseCan act as acid or base

ReactivityLow

Electron Configuration

[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2

Discovered ByClemens Winkler

Year1886

Known Isotopes

Ge-70Ge-72Ge-73Ge-74Ge-76