NO. 044Transition

Ru

Ruthenium

Ruthenium is a rare Transition used in electronics, catalysts, and wear-resistant electrical contacts.

Crystal Structure

Hexagonal close-packed (hcp)

Atomic Mass101.07 u

Density12.45 g/cm³

Melting Point2607 K

Boiling Point4423 K

Atomic Radius134 pm

Electronegativity2.2

Ionization Energy710 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity101 kJ/mol

Bonding TypeMetallic

Oxidation States2, 3, 4, 6, 8

Acid/BaseCan act as acid or base

ReactivityLow

Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d7 5s1

Discovered ByKarl Ernst Claus

Year1844

Known Isotopes

Ru-96Ru-98Ru-99Ru-100Ru-101Ru-102Ru-104