NO. 083Post-Transition

Bi

Bismuth

Bismuth is a brittle metal with a low toxicity compared to its neighbors. It expands on solidifying and is used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and low-melting alloys.

Crystal Structure

Rhombohedral

Technical Specifications

Atomic Mass208.98 u

Density9.78 g/cm³

Melting Point544 K

Boiling Point1837 K

Atomic Radius143 pm

Electronegativity2.02

Ionization Energy703 kJ/mol

Electron Affinity91 kJ/mol

Bonding TypeMetallic

Oxidation States3, 5

Acid/BaseBasic

ReactivityLow

Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3

Discovered ByClaude François Geoffroy

Year1753

Known Isotopes

Bi-209